With longer life expectancies than men, elderly women tend to live more years
in retirement and have a greater chance of exhausting other sources of income.
They benefit from Social Security's cost-of-living protections because benefits
are annually adjusted for inflation.

• Women reaching age 65 in 2006 are expected to live, on average, an
  additional 19.7 years compared with 17.2 years for men.
• Women represent 57 percent of all Social Security beneficiaries age 62 and
  older and approximately 70 percent of beneficiaries age 85 and older.

The Social Security system is progressive in that lower-wage earners
receive a higher percentage benefit than higher-wage earners do. The system
returns a greater percentage of pre-retirement earnings to a lower-wage worker
than to a higher-wage worker. Women who are low-wage workers receive back more
benefits in relation to past earnings than do high-wage earners.

• In 2006, the median earnings of working-age women who worked full-time,
  year-round were $33,000, compared to $42,000 for men.

In 2006, the average annual Social Security income received by women 65
years and older was $10,303, compared to $13,644 for men. Social Security
provides dependent benefits to spouses, divorced spouses, elderly widows, and
widows with young children.

• For unmarried women – including widows – age 65 and older, Social Security
  comprises 53.4 percent of their total income. In contrast, Social Security
  benefits comprise only 38.3 percent of unmarried elderly men's income and only
  33.1 percent of elderly couples' income.

In 2006, 43.4 percent of all elderly unmarried females receiving Social
Security benefits relied on Social Security for 90 percent or more of their
income.

• Elderly women are less likely than elderly men to have significant income
  from pensions other than Social Security. In 2004, only 22 percent of unmarried
  women aged 65 or older were receiving their own private pensions (either as a
  retired worker or survivor), compared to 29 percent of unmarried men.
• Participation in employer-sponsored retirement plans is increasing for women
  in today's workforce. In 2005, 52 percent of women employed full-time
  participated in an employer-sponsored plan compared to 51.4 percent of men.
  Women generally receive lower pension benefits due to their relatively lower
  earnings.

This fact sheet is designed to provide general information and does not
apply to all individuals within the female population.